Prosody - the study of suprasegmental features
(phonetic features involving more than a single segment)
Syllable division of sound flow according to relative openness of sounds
English has a rich variety of syllable types.
| v | cv | vc | cvc | ccvc | cccvc | cccvccc | svcccc |
| a | ma | it | hit | spin | strip | strengths | sixths [sIksTs] |
ONSET (the beginning of the syllable)
PEAK (the open part of the syllable, usually a vowel)
CODA (any consonant sound that ends a syllable)
RHYME (everything but the onset; the peak and coda together)
OPEN SYLLABLE - has no coda CLOSED SYLLABLE - has a coda
cv is the most common syllable type, found in every language.
stress (accent) relative loudness and tenseness of syllable peak
pitch (tone) relative frequency of syllable peak
Prosodic domain - syllable, word, intonation phrase, utterance
intonation - domain of pitch and stress is the phrase -every language
word stress languages - stress is non tonal, one each word
fixed stress -
word-initial - Czech, Hungarian
word-final - Turkish, French
penultimate, next to last, syllable - in Polish
no word stress -Cambodian
dynamic stress - Russian, English
pitch-accent languages -domain of pitch and stress is the word (Ancient Greek)
tone languages domain of pitch is the syllable (East Asia, West Africa)
CONTOUR TONE - syllabic pitch rises or falls on a single syllable
REGISTER TONE - syllabic pitch distinguished only by height